Research Design Vocabulary

Here's a glossary of common terms used in research design:

Core Concepts

• Research Design: The overall strategy for conducting a research study.
• Research Question: The specific question or problem that the research aims to answer.
• Hypothesis: A testable statement about the relationship between two or more variables.
• Variable: A characteristic or attribute that can vary or change.
• Independent Variable: The variable that is manipulated or controlled by the researcher.
• Dependent Variable: The variable that is measured or observed and is expected to change in response to changes in the independent variable.  

Research Methods

• Quantitative Research: Research that involves collecting and analyzing numerical data.
• Qualitative Research: Research that involves collecting and analyzing non-numerical data, such as text, images, or audio recordings.
• Mixed Methods Research: Research that combines both quantitative and qualitative methods.

Research Designs

• Experimental Design: A research design in which the researcher manipulates an independent variable to observe its effect on a dependent variable.
• Quasi-Experimental Design: A research design that resembles an experimental design but lacks random assignment to groups.
• Correlational Design: A research design that examines the relationship between two or more variables.
• Survey Design: A research design that involves collecting data from a sample of individuals through surveys or questionnaires.
• Case Study Design: A research design that involves an in-depth investigation of a specific case or phenomenon.
• Action Research Design: A research design that is conducted by practitioners to improve their own practice.

Data Collection Methods

• Observation: Watching and recording behavior or events.
• Interviews: Asking questions to participants.
• Surveys and Questionnaires: Collecting data through written or online surveys.
• Document Analysis: Analyzing existing documents or records.

Data Analysis Techniques

• Descriptive Statistics: Summarizing and describing data.
• Inferential Statistics: Drawing conclusions about a population based on a sample.
• Thematic Analysis: Identifying patterns and themes in qualitative data.
• Content Analysis: Analyzing the content of written or spoken communication.

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